Android User Activity Recognition – Still, Walking, Running, Driving

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1 Giới thiệu

Trước đây ta có thể sử dụng ~~LocationClient, ActivityRecognitionApi~~ nhưng hiện tại đã bị deprecated. Ta có thể dùng ActivityRecognitionClient để thực hiện việc nhận diện hành động của người dùng.

ActivityRecognitionClient mActivityRecognitionClient = new ActivityRecognitionClient(this);
 
Task<Void> task = mActivityRecognitionClient.requestActivityUpdates(
            Constants.DETECTION_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS,
            mPendingIntent);
 
ActivityRecognitionResult result = ActivityRecognitionResult.extractResult(intent);
ArrayList<DetectedActivity> detectedActivities = (ArrayList) result.getProbableActivities();
 
for (DetectedActivity activity : detectedActivities) {
     Log.e(TAG, "Detected activity: " + activity.getType() + ", " + activity.getConfidence());
}

2. Setup project

Setup build.gradle

build.gradle
dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    //...
 
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:11.6.0'
}

Tạo file Constants.java

Constants.java
 
public class Constants {
 
    public static final String BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY = "activity_intent";
 
    static final long DETECTION_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS = 30 * 1000;
 
    public static final int CONFIDENCE = 70;
}

Tạo file DetectedActivitiesIntentService.java và extend IntentService

DetectedActivitiesIntentService.java
 
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.util.Log;
 
import com.google.android.gms.location.ActivityRecognitionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.location.DetectedActivity;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
 
public class DetectedActivitiesIntentService  extends IntentService {
 
    protected static final String TAG = DetectedActivitiesIntentService.class.getSimpleName();
 
    public DetectedActivitiesIntentService() {
        // Use the TAG to name the worker thread.
        super(TAG);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
    }
 
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        ActivityRecognitionResult result = ActivityRecognitionResult.extractResult(intent);
 
        // Get the list of the probable activities associated with the current state of the
        // device. Each activity is associated with a confidence level, which is an int between
        // 0 and 100.
        ArrayList<DetectedActivity> detectedActivities = (ArrayList) result.getProbableActivities();
 
        for (DetectedActivity activity : detectedActivities) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Detected activity: " + activity.getType() + ", " + activity.getConfidence());
            broadcastActivity(activity);
        }
    }
 
    private void broadcastActivity(DetectedActivity activity) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Constants.BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY);
        intent.putExtra("type", activity.getType());
        intent.putExtra("confidence", activity.getConfidence());
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(intent);
    }
}

Ta cần phải tạo một background service khác để nhận những kết quả nhận diện hành động của người dùng BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.java

import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
 
import com.google.android.gms.location.ActivityRecognitionClient;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnFailureListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnSuccessListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;
 
public class BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.class.getSimpleName();
 
    private Intent mIntentService;
    private PendingIntent mPendingIntent;
    private ActivityRecognitionClient mActivityRecognitionClient;
 
    IBinder mBinder = new BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.LocalBinder();
 
    public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
        public BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService getServerInstance() {
            return BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.this;
        }
    }
 
    public BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService() {
 
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        mActivityRecognitionClient = new ActivityRecognitionClient(this);
        mIntentService = new Intent(this, DetectedActivitiesIntentService.class);
        mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 1, mIntentService, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
        requestActivityUpdatesButtonHandler();
    }
 
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinder;
    }
 
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
        return START_STICKY;
    }
 
    public void requestActivityUpdatesButtonHandler() {
        Task<Void> task = mActivityRecognitionClient.requestActivityUpdates(
                Constants.DETECTION_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS,
                mPendingIntent);
 
        task.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        "Successfully requested activity updates",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
            }
        });
 
        task.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        "Requesting activity updates failed to start",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
            }
        });
    }
 
    public void removeActivityUpdatesButtonHandler() {
        Task<Void> task = mActivityRecognitionClient.removeActivityUpdates(
                mPendingIntent);
        task.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        "Removed activity updates successfully!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
            }
        });
 
        task.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Failed to remove activity updates!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        removeActivityUpdatesButtonHandler();
    }
}

Ta cần permission để thực hiện việc nhận diện hành vi của người dùng

AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
...
 
    <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION" />
 
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
 
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
 
        <!-- Service that provides activity recognition data. Setting the android:exported attribute
        to "false" stops other apps from starting this service, even when using an explicit
        intent. -->
        <service
            android:name=".DetectedActivitiesIntentService"
            android:exported="false" />
 
        <service android:name=".BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService"></service>
    </application>
 
</manifest>

3. Hiển thị hành vi nhận diện

Tạo activity main như sau:

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:padding="16dp">
 
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:orientation="vertical">
 
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/img_activity"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="200dp"
            android:tint="#606060" />
 
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/txt_activity"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:textAllCaps="true"
            android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
            android:textSize="18dp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />
 
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/txt_confidence"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
            android:textAllCaps="true"
            android:textSize="14dp" />
 
    </LinearLayout>
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_start_tracking"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:text="Start Tracking" />
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_stop_tracking"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:text="Stop Tracking" />
</RelativeLayout>

Trong MainActivity.java startTracking() và stopTracking() dùng để bắt đầu và kết thúc nhận diện hành vi. BroadcastReceiver dùng để nhận kết quả nhận diện hành vi từ service.

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
 
import com.google.android.gms.location.DetectedActivity;
 
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
    private String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
    BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver;
 
    private TextView txtActivity, txtConfidence;
    private ImageView imgActivity;
    private Button btnStartTrcking, btnStopTracking;
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 
        txtActivity = findViewById(R.id.txt_activity);
        txtConfidence = findViewById(R.id.txt_confidence);
        imgActivity = findViewById(R.id.img_activity);
        btnStartTrcking = findViewById(R.id.btn_start_tracking);
        btnStopTracking = findViewById(R.id.btn_stop_tracking);
 
        btnStartTrcking.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                startTracking();
            }
        });
 
        btnStopTracking.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                stopTracking();
            }
        });
 
        broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                if (intent.getAction().equals(Constants.BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY)) {
                    int type = intent.getIntExtra("type", -1);
                    int confidence = intent.getIntExtra("confidence", 0);
                    handleUserActivity(type, confidence);
                }
            }
        };
 
        startTracking();
    }
 
    private void handleUserActivity(int type, int confidence) {
        String label = getString(R.string.activity_unknown);
        int icon = R.drawable.ic_still;
 
        switch (type) {
            case DetectedActivity.IN_VEHICLE: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_in_vehicle);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_driving;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.ON_BICYCLE: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_on_bicycle);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_on_bicycle;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.ON_FOOT: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_on_foot);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_walking;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.RUNNING: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_running);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_running;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.STILL: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_still);
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.TILTING: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_tilting);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_tilting;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.WALKING: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_walking);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_walking;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.UNKNOWN: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_unknown);
                break;
            }
        }
 
        Log.e(TAG, "User activity: " + label + ", Confidence: " + confidence);
 
        if (confidence > Constants.CONFIDENCE) {
            txtActivity.setText(label);
            txtConfidence.setText("Confidence: " + confidence);
            imgActivity.setImageResource(icon);
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
 
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver,
                new IntentFilter(Constants.BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY));
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
 
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver);
    }
 
    private void startTracking() {
        Intent intent1 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.class);
        startService(intent1);
    }
 
    private void stopTracking() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.class);
        stopService(intent);
    }
}

src:

Android

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